Betulinic acid derivatives for inhabiting cancer growth and process for the manufacture of betulinic acid

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to the use of betulinic acid derivatives for the inhibition and or prevention of cancer growth. The invention also relates to novel betulinic acid derivatives useful for inhibition of tumor cancer cells and a process for the preparation of the derivatives. The invention also relates to anti-leukemic and anti-lymphoma activity of the betulinic acid derivatives, and the use of the derivatives for the treatment of prostate, lung, laryngeal, colon and ovarian cancer.

This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/040,856 filed on Mar. 18, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,847, claims the benefit thereof and incorporates the same by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the use of betulinic acid derivatives for the inhibition and or prevention of cancer growth. The invention also relates to novel betulinic acid derivatives useful for inhibition of tumor or cancer cells and a process for the preparation of the derivatives. The invention also relates to anti-leukemic and anti-lymphoma activity of the betulinic acid derivatives, and the use of the derivatives for the treatment of prostate, lung, laryngeal, colon and ovarian cancer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides for betulinic acid derivatives, methods for preparing betulinic acid derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions comprising betulinic acid derivatives. The derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions comprising betulinic acid derivatives can be used to kill and/or inhibit multiplication of cancer or tumor cells. The bioactivity of the derivatives may be tested using systems normally used by those of skill in the art such as using cultured human leukemia (MOLT-4), lymphoma cells (U937), prostate cancer cells (DU 145), colon cancer cells (HT-29), lung cancer cells (L132), ovarian cancer cells (PA-1) and/or laryngeal cancer cells (HeP.2).

In a preferred embodiment, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, or solvent is used. The invention provides a method of treatment for humans, mammals, or other suffering from cancer or other tumors. The method may suitable comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of administering a therapeutically effective dose of the pharmaceutical composition so as to kill or inhibit the multiplication of cancer or tumor cells. The method of the treatment of the present invention may be particularly useful in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas and in general in the treatment of prostate, lung, colon and laryngeal cancer.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to provide a method and composition for inhibiting tumor growth and, particularly, for inhibiting the growth of leukemias and lymphomas and for inhibiting the growth of prostate, colon, larynx, lung and ovarian cancer using betulinic acid, one or more betulinic acid derivatives or a combination thereof.

A further object of the invention is to provide for novel derivatives of betulinic acid and methods for preparing the novel derivatives.

A further object of the invention is to provide a treatment method using betulinic acid derivatives to prevent the growth of cancerous cells, wherein betulinic acid derivative is administered systemically.

A still further object of the invention is to overcome the problem of high toxicity associated with standard chemotherapeutic agents by using a natural product-derived compound, e.g., betulinic acid derivatives.

Yet another object of the invention is to overcome the problem of insufficient availability associated with synthetic anticancer agents by using synthetic derivatives of betulinic acid.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical formulation containing betulinic acid derivatives, alone or in combination.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is the formula representing betulinic acid.

FIG. 2 is a formula representing certain betulinic acid derivatives.

FIG. 3 is a formula representing other betulinic acid derivatives.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to novel derivatives of betulinic acid, which may be used for treating a patient with leukemia or lymphoma or prostate, lung, larynx or colon cancer.

The invention also relates to a method of treating a patient with leukemia or lymphoma or prostate, lung, laryngeal, colon or ovarian cancer, said method comprising administering an effective amount of betulinic acid, one or more betulinic acid derivatives or a combination, concurrently or in a mixture to a patient. A patient may be a human, mammal or other animal. The ED₅₀ value of active betulinic acid derivatives against leukemia or lymphoma is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 4.0 μg/ml. The preferred ED₅₀ values of active betulinic acid derivatives are in the ranges of 0.4 to 4.0 μg/ml, 0.5 to 4.0 μg/ml, 1.0 to 4.0 μg/ml, 0.35 to 4.0 μg/ml, 0.50 to 4.0 μg/ml against prostate, lung, larynx, colon and ovarian cancer respectively.

The structure of betulinic acid is shown in Structure I here below:

The derivatives of betulinic acid have a basic skeleton of betulinic acid as shown in Structure 2:

wherein R, R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ independently or in combination represent the following groups:

R is H;

R₁ is H, Br, Cl, F or I;

R₂ is H and R₃ is OH, OR (R=C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 8), cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl or preferably its para substituted derivative), OCO(CH₂)_(n)CH₃ (where n=0 to 14), OCOC(CH₃)₃, OCO(CH₂)_(n)X (where n=1 to 7, X=H, Cl, Br, or F), OCOC₆H_(n)X, OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), OCOC₁₀H_(n)X, OCOCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X,(n=2 to 6) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CHCl₂ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), OSO₂(CH₂)_(n)X (where n=1 to 7, X=H or Cl), OSO₂ONH₂, OCOC₆H_(n)X (n=0 to 4, X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CHCl₂ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NH₂, NH(CH₂)_(n)OR ((n=2 to 4, R=H or COCH₃), NHR, N(R)² (where R=CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, or C₄H₉), NHC₆H_(n)X, NHCH₂C₆H_(n)X (where n=2 to 4), NHCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 7) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CHCl₂, CN, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7), RCH₂NOH (R=H, CH₃, C₂H₅,C₃H₇, or C₄H₉), NHOR (R=H, COCH₃, COC₆H_(n)X, OCH₂C₆H_(n)X, or OC₆H_(n)X) (where n=2 to 4, X=Cl, Br, F, I, CF₃, CHCl₂, CN, NO₂, CH₃, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), N═CHC₆H_(n)X (where n=2 to 4), N═CHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CF₃, CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 3)), OCO(CH₂)_(n)NH₂ (n=1 to 8), NHCO(CH₂)_(n)X (X=H, Cl or Br, n=1 to 4), NHCOC₆H_(n)X, NHCOC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NHCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NHCOCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=Cl, Br, F, I, CF₃, CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CHCl₂ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NHCOC₆H₄COOH, NHCOC₆H_(n)(COOH)X (where n=2 or 3, X=H, Cl, Br, F, NO₂ or NH₂), OCOC₆H₄COOH, OCOC₆H_(n)(COOH)X (where n=2 or 3, X=H, Cl, Br, F, NO₂ or NH₂), OCOCHRR₁, (R=H, CH₃ or Ph; R₁=OH, Cl, Br or OCOCH₃), NHNHC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NHNHCH(OH)C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NHNHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NHNHCH(OH)C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=Cl, Br, F, I, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, NO₂, NH₂, CHCl₂, CF₃ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), OCOCH =C(R)² (R is H, CH₃ or C₂H₅), O—CO—CH═CH—COOH, O—CO—C(Br)═CHCOOH, OCOCH₂C(R)²COOH (R=H or CH₃), OCO(CH₂)_(n)COOH (n=0 to 3),

 —OOCCH(OH)CH(Ph)R, (R=NH₂, NHC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4)), NHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NHCO(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 16) (X=H, Cl, F, or Br), NHCOC₆H_(n)X, NHCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NHCOC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), N═CHC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), N═CHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NHCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NHCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7), NHSO₂(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 7), or NHSO₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, CH₃, NO₂ or NH₂);

R₂ and R₃ together are O, NNHC₆H_(n)X, NNHCOC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NNHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NNHCOC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7), NNHC₆H_(n)BrX (n=2 or 3), (X=F, Cl, NO₂, NH₂, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NOSO₃H, N—OX, NHOX (X being H, CH₃, C₂H₅, COCH₃, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, COC₆H_(n)X, C₆H_(n)X, CH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7), CF₃ or CHCl₂), NNHR, (R is CH₃, C₂H₅, C₂H₄OY, (Y=H, alkyl, phenyl, benzyl or its substituted derivative with Cl, Br, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7));

R₇ is O and R₄ is H, OH, OM (M=Na⁺, K⁺, or Li⁺), Cl, N₃, NH₂, OR (R=CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, or C₄H₉), O(CH₂)_(n)COY (n=1 to 3) (Y=OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, Cl, CN, N₃, NH₂), OCH₂CH₂OY (Y=H, CH₃, C₂H₅, COCH₃), OCOCH═C(R)² (R=H, CH₃ or C₂H₅), OCO(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 16) (X=H, Cl, F or Br), OCOC₆H_(n)X (n=0 to 4), OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NH(CH₂)_(n)CH₃ (n=0 to 9), NH(CH₂)_(n)COOH (n=1 to 8), OCH₂CHO, OCH₂CH═NOX, OCH₂CH₂NHOX (X=H, CH₃, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, OCOCH₃, OCOC₆H₅, phenyl or benzyl substituted derivatives), OCH₂CH═NNHC₆H_(n)X, OCH₂CH₂NHNHC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), OCH₂CH═NNHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), OCH₂CH₂CH₂NHNHC₁₀H_(n)X (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, CF₃, CHCl₂, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7), OCH₂CH₂N(R)² (R is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, C₆H₅, C₆H₅CH₂ or its substituted derivative wherein the substituent is selected from Cl, Br, CN, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H₂₊₁ (n=1 to 7)); O-(3-deoxybetulinic acid), O-(3-deoxydihydrobetulinic acid), or O-(2-Bromo-3-oxo-28-oyl-lupane).

R₄ is H and R₇ is NOH, NHOR, N—OR (R is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, COCH₃, CH₂C₆H_(n)X, COC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), (X=Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CF₃, CHCl₂ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7), RCH₂NOH (R=H, CH₃ or C₂H₅), NH₂, NHSO₂(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 7), NHSO₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 5) (X=H, Cl, Br, CH₃, NO₂ or NH₂), (NR)² (R is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, phenyl or benzyl or its substituted derivatives), NC₆H_(n)X, NHC₆H_(n)X, N═CHC₆H_(n)X, NHCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NC₁₀H_(n)X, NHC₁₀H_(n)X, N═CHC₁₀H_(n)X, NHCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NNHC₆H_(n)X, NHNHC₆H_(n)X, NHNHCH(OH)C₆H_(n)X, NNHCOC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NNHC₁₀H_(n)X, NNHCOC₁₀H_(n)X, NHNHC₁₀H_(n)X, NHNHCH(OH)C₁₀H_(n)X, (where n=2 to 6, X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NHCOR (R is CH₃, CH₂Cl, CHCl₂, CCl₃, C₂H₅, C₂H₄Cl, C₃H₇, CH₃H₆OH, C₃H₆Cl, C₆H₅, C₆H_(n)X, CH₂C₆H_(n)X, COCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), C₁₀H_(n)X, CH₂C₁₀H_(n)X, COCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), X=Cl, Br, CN, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CHCl₂ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7));

R₅ is H or Br;

R₆ is CH₃, CH₂Br, CH₂OR (R is CO(CH₂)_(n)X, (n=1 to 7; X=H, Cl, Br or F), CHO, CHNOY, CH₂NHOY, (Y=H, CH₃, C₂H₅, SO₂C₆H₅, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, CH₂C₆H_(n)X, C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, C_(n)H₂₊₁ (n=1 to 7)), RCH₂NOH (where R=H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇ or C₄H₉), CH₂NH₂, CH₂NHR or CH₂N(R)² (R is CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, C₆H₅, C₆H_(n)X, COC₆H_(n)X, or CH₂C₆H_(n)X, COCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), CH₂C₁₀H_(n)X, COC₁₀H_(n)X, COCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), CH₂OCOC₆H_(n)X, CH₂OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), CH₂OCOC₁₀H_(n)X, CH₂OCOCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=H, Cl, Br, F, CN, I, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CF₃, CHCl₂, or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), COOH, COCl, CONHR (R is alkyl or aryl substituted group), CO—OCOR (R is alkyl or aryl substituted group), COCH₂COR (R is OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, NH₂ or Cl), COCH₂CH₂OR (R is H, CO(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 16), COC₆H_(n)X, COCH₂C₆H_(n)X, (n=2 to 4, X=H, Cl, Br, CN, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), COO(CH₂)_(n)H (n=1 to 5), COO(CH₂)_(n)COY (n=1 to 5, Y=OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, Cl or Br), CH═NC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), CH═NC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), CH═NNHC₆H_(n)X, CH═NNHCOC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), CH═NNHC₁₀H_(n)X, CH═NNHCOC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), CH₂NHNHC₆H₄X (n=2 to 4), CH₂NHNHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), CH₂NHNHCH(OH)C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), CH₂NHNHCH(OH)C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), (where X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, CF₃, NO₂, NH₂, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7));

R₅ and R₆ together is O, OH, OR (R=C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 8), cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl or preferably its parasubstituted derivative), OCO(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 6, X=H, Cl, or Br), OCOC₆H_(n)X, OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4, X=H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), OCO(CH₂)_(n)COOH (n=1 to 3), NOR, NHOR (R=H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, COCH₃, COC₆H₅, phenyl or benzyl substituted derivatives), NH₂, (NR)² (R=H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, C₆H_(n)X, CH₂C₆H_(n)X; n=2 to 5, X=Cl, Br, F, I, CF₃, CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), NHCO(CH₂)_(n)X (n=1 to 16, X=Cl or Br), NHCOC₆H_(n)X, NHCOCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NHCOC₁₀H_(n)X, NHCOCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6) (X=Cl, Br, F, I, CN, CF₃, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)), N═CHC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), N═CHC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NHCH₂C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 5), NHCH₂C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NNHC₆H_(n)X, NC₆H_(n)X, NHC₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 4), NC₁₀H_(n)X, NHC₁₀H_(n)X, NNHC₁₀H_(n)X, (n=2 to 6), NNHCOC₆H_(n)X, (n=2 to 4), NNHCOC₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 6), NR (R=C₆H_(n)X (n=2 to 5)), C₁₀H_(n)X (n=2 to 7) (X=H, Cl, Br, Cl, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(n)H_(2n+1) (n=1 to 7)).

Preferred compounds are of structure 3:

TABLE I Derivative R R₁ R₂ R₃ R₄ MJ-321-RS H H —OCOCH₃ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-347-RS H H ═O H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-351-RS H H ═NOH H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-352-RS H Br ═O H BrCH₂C(Br)CH₃ MJ-353-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₅ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-398-RS H H —OCOCH(OCOCH₃)CH₃ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-408-RS H H —OCOCH₃ —CH₂COOCH₃ CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-417-RS H H —OH —CH₂COOCH₃ CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-434-RS H H —OCOC(CH₃)₃ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-438-RS H H ═NOH —CH₂COOCH₃ CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-443-RS H H —OH —CH₂COOCH CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-455-RS H H —OCOCH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-457-RS H H —OCOCH(OCOCH₃)CH₃ —CH₂COOCH₃ CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-458-RS H H —OH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-462-RS H H —OCOCH(OCOCH₃)CH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-463-RS H H ═NOH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-481-RS H H ═NOCOCH₃ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-484-RS H H ═NOSO₂C₆H₄CH₃(4) H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-524-RS H Br ═O —CH₂COOCH₃ BrCH₂C(Br)CH₃ MJ-525-RS H H —OCOCH(OCOCH₃)CH₃ —CH₂COOCH₃ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-527-RS H Br ═O —CH₂COOCH₃ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-529-RS H H —OCOCH₂CH₃ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-542-RS H Br ═O H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-548-RS H Br ═O —CH₂CH₂COOCH₃ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-577-RS H H —OH —CH₂COOH —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-580-RS H H —OCOC₆H₅ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-606-RS H H —OCOC₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-617-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄OCH₃(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-623-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄OCH₃(4) H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-677-RS H H —NH₂ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-692-RS H H —NH₂ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-717-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₃Br(3)OCH₃(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-719-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₃Br(3)OCH₃(4) H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-739-RS H H OCOCH(OCOCH₃)C₆H₅ H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-751-RS H H —OSO₂CH₃ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-784-RS H H OCOCH(OCOCH₃)C₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-789-RS H H —OSO₂CH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-790-RS H H —NHCH₂CH₂OH H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-807-RS H H ═NNHCOC₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-812-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄F(4) H CH₂═CCH₃ MJ-813-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-821-RS H H ═NNHCH₂C₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-826-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄F(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-829-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄F(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-830-RS H H ═NHCH₂CH₂OH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-831-RS H H ═NNHCH(OH)C₆H₅ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-835-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄Cl(3) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-839-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄NO₂(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-840-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄F(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-841-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄NO₂(3) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-842-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄Br(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-843-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄Br(2) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-846-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄Br(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-874-RS H Br. ═O —CH₂CH₂COOCH₃ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-878-RS H H —NHNHC₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-912-RS H H —NHNHC₆H₄OCH₃(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-921-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄F(2) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-922-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄F(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-926-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,3) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-927-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,3) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-929-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(3,4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-931-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(3,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-934-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(3,5) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-935-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(3,5) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-936-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-937-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-939-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄CF₃(3) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-940-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄CF₃(3) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-942-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄CF₃(2) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-943-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄CF₃(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-947-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄F(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-951-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄F(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-952-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄F(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-953-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,3) CH₂COOH₃ CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-991-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₄Cl(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-998-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-999-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,5) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1001-RS H H —NHCH₂CH₂OCOCH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1002-RS H H —NHNHCOC₆H₅ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1022-RS H H —NHCOCH₂Cl H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1025-RS H H —NHCOCH₃ —CH₂COOH₃ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1027-RS H H —NHCH₂CH₂OH —CH₂COOH₃ CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1065-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1068-RS H H X CH₂COOCH₃ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1073-RS H H X CH₂COOCH₃ CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1097-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1098-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1101-RS H H —OH —COCH═CH₂ CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1103-RS H H —OH —COCH═CH₂ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1104-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄(C₅H₁₁)(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1105-RS H H OCOC₆H₄(C₅H₁₁)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1108-RS H H OCOCH₂C₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,5) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1138-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄(C₇H₁₅)(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1155-RS H Br ═O 3-deoxy BA(C₃) —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1161-RS H Br ═O Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1163-RS H Br. ═O 2-Bromo-3-oxo-28-oyl —CH(CH₃)₂ lupane MJ-1183-RS H H —OCOCH₂C₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(3,4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1187-RS H H ═NNHCOC₆H₄Cl(2) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1191-RS H H —OCOC₆H_(4(C) ₇H₁₅)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1196-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄Br(3) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1197-RS H H OCOCH₂C₆H₂Br(3)(OCH₃)₂(2,5) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1198-RS H H ═NNHCOC₆H₄Cl(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1199-RS H H ═NNHCOC₆H₄Br(3) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1204-RS H H ═O COCH═CH₂ —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1205-RS H H OSO₂C₆F₅ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1207-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₃Cl₂(3,4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1210-RS H H ═NOH COCH═CH₂ CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1212-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄Cl(3) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1213-RS H H —OSO₂C₆F₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1215-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄(OC₂H₅)₂(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1223-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄(OC₂H₅)₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1237-RS H Br. ═NOH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1245-RS H H —OSO₂ONH₂ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1252-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₃Cl₂(2,4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1253-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₃Cl₂(2,5) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1254-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₃Cl₂(2,5) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1257-RS H H —OSO₂ONH₂ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1264-RS H Br —NH₂ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1279-RS H H —OCO(CH₂)₃NH₂ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1283-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(3,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1286-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1287-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1289-RS H H —OCOC(CH₃)═C(CH₃)COOH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1295-RS H H —COCClF₂ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1296-RS H H —OCO—C₆H₄—C₆H₅ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1298-RS H H —OCOCH(Cl)C₆H₅ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1301-RS H H —OCO(CH₂)₃COOH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1304-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄Cl(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1305-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄Cl(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1311-RS H H —OSO₂C₆H₃NO₂(2)CF₃(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1312-RS H H —OSO₂CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1313-RS H H —OSO₂CH₂CH₂CH₂Cl H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1315-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄(CHCl₂)(3) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1316-RS H H —OCOC₆H₄(CHCl₂)(3) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1318-RS H H ═NNHCONH₂ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1318-RS H H ═NNHCONH₂ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1324-RS H H ═NOC₂H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1324-RS H H ═NOC₂H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1326-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆F₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1326-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆F₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1327-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂COOH(2)Cl₂(3,6) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1328-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂COOH(2)Cl₂(3,6) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1335-RS H H —OCOCH(Cl)CH₃ H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1336-RS H H —OCOCHClCH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1338-RS H H ═NNHCOC₆H₄OH(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1366-RS H Br ═N—OCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1373-RS H H —OSO₂C₆H₄NO₂(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1384-RS H Br ═NOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1385-RS H Br ═NOH Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1389-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1396-RS H H —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1396-RS H H —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1399-RS H H —NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1402-RS H H —O-Morpholinoyl H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1403-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂F₃(2,3,6) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1404-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂F₃(2,3,6) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1406-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NH₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1407-RS H H —O-Cyclobutanoyl H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1408-RS H H —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1409-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂Br(6)F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1410-RS H H —O-Cyclobutanoyl H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1412-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆H₃Br(2)NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1416-RS H H —O-Cyclohexanoyl H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1417-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂F₃(2,3,5) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1418-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1420-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₃Br(2)NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1421-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₂Br₂(3,5)NH₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1427-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1430-RS H H —OCOC₆H₂Cl(4,5)COOH(2) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1431-RS H H —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1437-RS H H ═NOH Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1438-RS H H ═NOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1439-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1444-RS H H —NH₂ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1447-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₂Br₂(3,5)OCH₃(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1448-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NH₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1451-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₂Br₂(3,5)OCH₃(4) H CH₂═C—CH₃ MJ-1452-RS H H —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1453-RS H H —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1454-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂C₆F₅(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1455-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1456-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1457-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂CH₃)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1458-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₄C₅H₁₁(4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1459-RS H H —NHCOC₆H₄(C₅H₁₁)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1460-RS H H —NHSO₂C₆F₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1461-RS H H —NHSO₂CH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1462-RS H H —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1463-RS H Br ═NNHC₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1464-RS H Br ═NNHCOC₆H₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1465-RS H Br ═NNHC₆H₄F(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1466-RS H Br ═NNHC₆H₄(OCH₃)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1467-RS H Br —OH H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1468-RS H Br —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1469-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NH₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1470-RS H Br —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1471-RS H Br —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1472-RS H Br —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1473-RS H Br —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1474-RS H Br —NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1475-RS H Br —NHSO₂CH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1476-RS H Br —NHSO₂C₆F₅ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1477-RS H Br —OCOC₆H₂Br(6)F₂(2,4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1478-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₂Br₂(3,5)NH₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1479-RS H Br —OCOCH₃ H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1480-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1481-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₃Br(2)NO₂(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1482-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂C₆F₅)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1483-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1484-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1485-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1486-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1487-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂CH₃)(4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1488-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₄C₅H₁₁(4)](4) H —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1489-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₅ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1490-RS H H ═NNHCOC₆H₅ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1491-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄F(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1492-RS H H ═NNHC₆H₄(OCH₃)(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1493-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂C₆F₅)(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1494-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1495-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1496-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1497-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1498-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂CH₃)(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1499-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₄C₅H₁₁(4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1500-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1501-RS H H —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1502-RS H H —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1503-RS H H —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1504-RS H H —NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1505-RS H H —NHSO₂CH₃ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1506-RS H H —NHSO₂C₆F₅ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1507-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₂Br₂(3,5)NH₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1508-RS H H —OCOCH₃ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1509-RS H H —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1510-RS H H —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1511-RS H H —NHOCH₂C₆H₃Br(2)NO₂ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1512-RS H Br ═NNHC₆H₅ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1513-RS H Br ═NNHCOC₆H₅ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1514-RS H Br ═NNHC₆H₄F(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1515-RS H Br ═NNHC₆H₄(OCH₃)(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1516-RS H Br —OH Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1517-RS H Br —OCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1518-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NH₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1519-RS H Br —NH₂ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1520-RS H Br —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1521-RS H Br —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1522-RS H Br —N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1523-RS H Br —NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1524-RS H Br —NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1525-RS H Br NHSO₂CH₃ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1526-RS H Br NHSO₂C₆F₅ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1527-RS H Br —OCOC₆H₂Br(6)F₂(2,4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1528-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₂Br₂(3,5)NH₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1529-RS H Br —OCOCH₃ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1530-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1531-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄Br(2)NO₂ Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1532-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂C₆F₅)(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1533-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1534-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1535-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[N═CHC₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1536-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCH₂C₆H₃F₂(3,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1537-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄(NHSO₂CH₃)(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1538-RS H Br —NHOCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₄C₅H₁₁(4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1539-RS H Br —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄[NHCOC₆H₃F₂(2,4)](4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂ MJ-1540-RS H Br —N[COC₆H₃F₂(2,4)]OCH₂C₆H₄NO₂(4) Y —CH(CH₃)₂

Y = 3-Deoxydihydrobetulinicacid (C₃→)

The invention also relates to methods of preparing the novel compounds and in the examples below the term “substrate” refers to betulinic aid, dihydrobetulinic acid or their derivatives as starting material unless otherwise indicated. Dihydrobetulinic acid is obtained from betulinic acid by reduction of C₂₀₋₂₉ double bond, whereas dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives refer to its derivatization at either C₂, C₃, C₂₀, C₂₈ and C₂₉ positions.

Conventional procedures known to those skilled in the art can be used in the preparation of the various betulinic acid derivatives wherein the starting material is betulinic acid or a derivative thereof unless otherwise specifically mentioned.

The compositions of the invention may contain one or more derivatives of betulinic acid or betulinic acid in combination with one or more derivatives of betulinic acid.

The compositions of this invention may contain physiologically acceptable diluents, fillers, lubricants, excipients, solvents, binders, stabilizers, and the like. Diluents that may be used in the compositions include but are not limited to dicalcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, lactose, cellulose, kaolin, mannitol, sodium chloride, dry starch, powdered sugar and for extended release tablet-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). The binders that may be used in the compositions include but are not limited to starch, gelatin and fillers such as sucrose, glucose, dextrose and lactose.

Natural and synthetic gums that may be used in the compositions include but are not limited to sodium alginate, ghatti gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and veegum. Excipients that may be used in the compositions include but are not limited to microcrystalline cellulose, calcium sulfate, dicalcium phosphate, starch, magnesium stearate, lactose, and sucrose. Stabilizers that may be used include but are not limited to polysaccharides such as gelatin and synthetic and semisynthetic polymers such as carbomer resins, cellulose ethers and carboxymethyl chitin. Solvents that may be used include but are not limited to Ringers solution, water, distilled water, dimethyl sulfoxide to 50% in water, propylene glycol (neat or in water), phosphate buffered saline, balanced salt solution, glycol and other conventional fluids.

Compositions which provide from about 10 mg to 1000 mg of the composition per unit dose are preferred and compositions may be formulated as tablets, lozenges, capsules, powders, aqueous or oily suspensions, syrups, elixirs, implants or aqueous solutions or in any other form and may be prepared by any conventional method. The nature of pharmaceutical composition employed will, of course, depend on the desired route of administration. The human dosage of the composition is in the range of 1.0 to 200 mg/kg/day and the preferred range is 1.0 to 50 mg/kg/day.

Systemic administration refers to oral, rectal, nasal, transdermal and parental (i.e., intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous or intravenous). In accordance with good clinical practice, it is preferred to administer the composition at a dose that will produce good effects without causing undue harmful side effects. In one embodiment of this invention, the dose is one that will inhibit multiplication of cancer cells without causing harmful side effects. The composition may be administered either alone or as a mixture with other therapeutic agents.

The procedures mentioned below are either used alone or in combination to produce the derivatives.

PREPARATION OF BETULINIC ACID DERIVATIVES EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of-o-benzoyl Derivatives

Substrate in organic base is treated with suitable benzoyl chloride for approximately 6-16 hours at an ambient temperature. Examples of benzoyl chloride that can be used are represented by general formula R_(n)(Ar)CoCl wherein n=1 to 3, R=H, Cl, Br, F, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CN, NO₂, C_(n)H_(2n+1), where n=1 to 7 and Ar=C₆H₅, C₆H₄, C₆H₃ or C₆H₂. The reaction was worked up by addition of water and extraction with organic solvent. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, evaporated and residue crystallized to yield pure 3-o-benzoyl derivatives respectively. Examples of organic bases that can be used are pyridine, piperidine, and dimethylamino pyridine.

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of 3-o-mesylate Derivatives

Substrate is dissolved in halogenated solvent and methane sulphonyl chloride is added slowly at 5-10° C. The mixture is stirred at an ambient temperature for 2-4 hours. The reaction mixture is worked up by washing the organic layer with water. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to dryness to obtain a residue which was crystallized from acetonitrile to yield pure 3-o-mesylate derivative.

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of 3-o-benzene Sulfonyl Derivative or its Benzene Substituted Derivative

Substrate is dissolved in halogenated solvent. Benzene sulfonyl chloride or substituted benzene sulfonyl chloride and a few drops of pyridine is added at 5°-10° C. The mixture is stirred at ambient temperature for few hours to several hours, and is worked up as in Example 2. The 3-o-benzene sulfonyl derivative or its benzene substituted derivative is crystallized from alcoholic solvent to yield pure 3-o-benzene sulfonyl derivative.

EXAMPLE 4 Preparation of 3-phenyl Hydrazino or its Phenyl Substituted Derivative

3-phenylhydrazone or its phenyl substituted derivatives of betulinic acid or dihydrobetulinic acid is dissolved in glacial acetic acid and shaken under hydrogen atmosphere (50-70 psi) in presence of a platinum sponge catalyst for 3-5 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered, the mother liquour is evaporated under vacuum to remove glacial acetic acid and the residue is the crystallized from alcoholic solvent to yield pure 3-phenyl hydrazino or its phenyl substituted derivative. Alcoholic solvents used are methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.

EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of 3-N-Hydroxyethyl Derivative

3-oxo-derivative is dissolved in absolute alcoholic solvent such as methanol/ethanol and 15-20% alcoholic hydrochloric acid and 2-amino-ethanol are added and stirred at room temperature for 30-60 minutes. To this sodium cyanoborohydride is added and further stirred at room temperature for approximately 72 hours. The mixture is worked up by adding water followed by filtration of the solid to yield crude product, which was crystallized from alcohol to yield pure 3-N-hydroxyethyl derivative.

EXAMPLE 6 Preparation of 3-N-Benzylidene Derivative

3-Amino derivative is dissolved in alcoholic solvent, such as methanol/ethanol and benzaldehyde or substituted benzaldehyde derivative is added in the presence or absence of alkali carbonate, such as sodium or potassium carbonate. The mixture was stirred for few hours at ambient temperature to approximately 50° C. The reaction mixture was worked up by removing alcohol under vacuum and adding of water. The aqueous was layer either filtered or extracted with halogenated organic solvent, followed by evaporation to yield 3-N-benzylidene derivative.

EXAMPLE 7 Preparation of 3-oxo Derivative

The substrate was dissolved in the organic solvent and a conventional oxidizing agent was added under normal reaction conditions. The reaction was worked up to yield the corresponding 3-oxo derivatives in pure form.

EXAMPLE 8 Preparation of 3-oximino Derivatives

The 3-oxo derivative was dissolved in an alcoholic solvent. To this was added hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium acetate was added and the mixture was refluxed for a few hours preferably 6 to 12 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness. The reaction was worked up as described in method I to yield crude 3-oximino derivatives, which was crystallized to yield the corresponding pure 3-oximino derivative.

EXAMPLE 9 Preparation of Phenylhydrazone of 3-oxo Derivative

Phenylhydrazine was added to 3-oxo derivative dissolved in alcoholic solvent and refluxed for 4-16 hours. The reaction was worked up as described in method I to yield the corresponding phenyl hydrazone derivative in pure form.

EXAMPLE 10 Preparation of C17 Carboxy Alkenoyl Derivative

Substrate in dry dimethyl formamide is stirred with sodium hydride at room temperature for an hour. Alkenoyl chloride [(R)₂C═CHCOCl; wherein R=H, CH₃ or C₂H₅] was added and stirred at room temperature for few to several hours. Worked up by addition of water and extracting with halogenated organic solvent. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium or magnesium sulphate, filtered and organic layer evaporated to yield a solid which was crystallized from alcoholic solvent to yield pure C¹⁷ carboxyalkenoyl derivative.

EXAMPLE 11 Bromination of Aromatic Ring

(a) To the betulinic-acid substrate (BA derivative) taken in trifluoroacetic acid, (b) add N-bromosuccinimide and a few drops of 10% aqueous sulphuric acid, (c) stir the reaction mixture at room temperature overnight, (d) add water and extract with ethylacetate, (e) wash the ethylacetate layer with aqueous bicarbonate solution, followed by water, (f) dry the organic layer over sodium sulphate, filter and evaporate it to dryness and crystallize the residue from alcoholic solvent to yield the pure bromo compound.

The above procedure can be deployed in compounds where aromatic nucleus is also deactivated.

EXAMPLE 12 Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Group to Amino Group

(a) The betulinic acid derivative substrate is dissolved in methanol, (b) 10% Pd/c is added, followed by addition of sodium borohydride at an ambient temperature, (c) the reaction mixture is stirred for a few hours, (d) the reaction mixture is filtered, evaporated to dryness and worked up by adding water, extracting with an organic solvent, (e) drying the organic layer over anhydrous sodium sulphate, filtering and evaporating to dryness, (f) the residue of step (e) is crystallized from methanol or acetonitrile to yield pure amino compound.

EXAMPLE 13 Preparation of C₂₈ Carboxyl Derivative (Special Reference to Compounds of MJ-1155-RS, MJ-1161-RS and MJ-1163-RS

a) Betulinic acid, Dihydrobetulinic acid or 2-Bromo-3-oxo-dihydrobetulinic acid is dissolved in dimethylformamide or halogenated organic solvent (preferably methylene chloride), (b) dicyclohexylcarbodimide and dimethylaminopyridine are added, (c) the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight, and (d) it is worked up by adding water, dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to yield a crude solid which is crystallized from alcohol to yield the corresponding pure derivative.

EXAMPLE 14

In vitro cytotoxic activity of novel betulinic acid derivatives was determined by performing the MTT cytotoxicity assay (Mosmann T., J. Immuno-logical Methods, 65:55 1983). Briefly, the cultured tumor cells were separately seeded in a 96-well culture plate and co-incubated with betulinic acid or its derivatives dissolved in methanol, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or isopropyl alcohol with relevant controls at 37° C. in a CO₂ incubator. After 72 hours, the assay was terminated and percent cyotoxicities calculated. As shown in Table II, metabolic activity of leukemia cells (MOLT-4) was inhibited by active betulinic acid derivatives, i.e., an ED₅₀ value of about 0.34 to 2.0 μg/ml. The ED₅₀ value of active betulinic acid derivatives for lymphoma cells (U937) was in the range of 0.3 to 4.0, μg/ml, for human prostate (DU145), 0.4 to 4.0 μg/ml, for human colon (HT29) 0.35 to 4.0 μg/ml, for human larynx (HeP.2) 1.0 to 4.0 μg/ml, for human lung (L132) 0.50 to 4.0 μg/ml, and for ovarian cancer cells (PA-1) 0.50 to 4.0 μg/ml.

TABLE II ED₅₀ VALUES (μg/ml) OF BETULINIC ACID DERIVATIVE Lymphoma Leukemia Prostate Lung Ovary Colon Larynx U937 Deriv MOLT-4 Deriv. DU 145 Deriv L 132 Deriv PA-I Deriv HT-29 Deriv Hep. 2 BA 0.7 BA 1.9 BA >10 BA 3.2 BA 17 BA 1.8 BA >10  751 >4  751 0.65  751 >10  751 5  751 ND  751 ND  751 7.0  789 1.4  789 2.0  789 >10  789 6.5  789 >4.0  789 1.4  789 >10  807 ND  807 1.0  807 >10  807 <0.5  807 1.7  807 ND  807 4.0  829 0.5  829 0.4  829 >10  829 >4  829 0.5  829 1.3  829 >10  878 0.4  878 1.6  978 9.9  878 0.8  878 3.5  878 1.75  878 2.25  912 1.2  912 1.0  912 8.5  912 >4  912 ND  912 0.35  912 7.0  935 2.6  935 0.6  935 3.2  935 1.2  935 ND  935 >10  935 >10  937 1.2  937 0.9  937 2.5  937 1.1  937 1.6  937 1.7  937 5.9  939 5.7  939 1.4  939 >10  939 2.7  939 >4.0  939 >10  939 4.0  940 0.8  940 0.4  940 >4  940 2.6  940 3.8  940 >10  940 5.4  942 2.2  942 0.5  942 >10  942 4.0  942 >4.0  942 >10  942 10.0  943 3.2  943 1.6  943 >4  943 4.0  943 >4.0  943 >10  943 2.0  998 1.6  998 1.9  998 2.2  998 2.5  998 1.2  998 4.0  998 3.0 1022 5.5 1022 1.8 1022 >10 1022 4.7 1022 0.6 1022 >10 1022 3.5 1025 >10 1025 1.0 1025 >4 1025 3.2 1025 >4.0 1025 >10 1025 >10 1027 4.5 1027 2.0 1027 5.7 1027 7.0 1027 >4.0 1027 7.2 1027 4.2 1065 1.9 1065 1.0 1065 2.5 1065 3.4 1065 1.4 1065 4.9 1065 2.6 1068 >4 1068 1.5 1068 >10 1068 >4 1068 >4.0 1068 >10 1068 >10 1073 >4 1073 1.6 1073 2.5 1073 >10 1073 3.3 1073 >10 1073 >10 1098 0.4 1098 0.5 1098 1.5 1098 1.3 1098 0.9 1098 2.6 1098 1.0 1101 1.2 1101 1.9 1101 >10 1101 1.7 1101 3.5 1101 >10 1101 1.6 1103 1.0 1103 1.9 1103 >4 1103 4.0 1103 1.5 1103 10.0 1103 3.0 1104 1.1 1104 1.5 1104 2.0 1104 5.9 1104 0.8 1104 3.5 1104 1.7 1108 1.0 1108 1.5 1108 >4 1108 4.6 1108 1.3 1108 >10 1108 1.7 1138 1.1 1138 2.0 1138 >10 1138 7.0 1138 1.3 1138 >10 1138 2.0 1155 >10 1155 1.1 1155 >10 1155 >10 1155 >4.0 1155 >10 1155 >10 1161 0.3 1161 0.34 1161 0.4 1161 3.5 1161 1.2 1161 3.5 1161 1.4 1163 3.8 1163 1.6 1163 6.0 1163 6.5 1163 >4.0 1163 7.3 1163 5.0 

What is claimed is:
 1. A betulinic acid derivative of formula 2

wherein R, R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ independently or in combination represent the following groups: R is H; R₁ is H, Br, Cl, F or I; R₂ is H and R₃ is OCOC(CH₃)₃, OCO(CH₂)_(m)X (where m is 2 to 7 and X is H, Cl, Br, or F), OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)Y (where n is 2 to 4), OCOC₁₀H_(s)Y, OCOCH₂C₁₀H_(s)Y (where s is 2 to 6) (where Y is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CHCl₂ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCOC₆H_(n)Z^(a) (where n is 2 to 4 and Z^(a) is CN, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CHCl₂ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)); OCOC₆H₂Z^(b) (where Z^(b) is Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₆, CHCl₂ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)) OCOC₆H_(q)Y (where q is 0 or 1 and Y is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₆, CHCl₂ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCO(CH₂)_(u)NH₂ (where u is 1 to 8), OCOC₆H₄COOH, OCOC₆H_(w)(COOH)L (where w is 2 or 3, and L is H, Cl, Br, F, NO₂ or NH₂), OCOCHQQ₁, (where Q is H, CH₃ or Ph and Q₁ is OH, Cl, Br or OCOCH₃), OCOCH═C(X′)² (where X′ is H, CH₃ or C₂H₅), O—CO—C(Br)═CHCOOH,

 —OOCCH(OH)CH(Ph)A (where A is NH₂, or NHC₆H_(n)Z′ (where n is 2 to 4 and Z′ is H, Cl, F or Br)), R₇ is O and R₄ is OM (where M is Na⁺, K⁺, Li⁺), OB (where B is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, or C₄H₉), O(CH₂)_(t)COD′ (where t is 1 to 3 and D′ is OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, Cl, CN, N₃, NH₂), OCH₂CH₂OE′ (where E′ is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, or COCH₃), OCOCH═C(X′)² (where X′ is H, CH₃ or C₂H₅), OCO(CH₂)_(x)Z′ (where x is 1 to 16 and Z′ is H, Cl, F or Br), OCOC₆H_(q)F′ (where q is 0 to 4), OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)F′ (where n is 2 to 4) (F′ is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCH₂CHO, OCH₂CH═NOG′, OCH₂CH₂NHOG′ (where G′ is H, CH₃, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, OCOCH₃, OCOC₆H₅, phenyl or benzyl substituted derivatives), OCH₂CH═NNHC₆H_(n)Y, OCH₂CH₂NHNHC₆H_(n)Y (where n is 2 to 4), OCH₂CH═NNHC₁₀H_(s)Y (where s is 2 to 6), OCH₂CH₂CH₂NHNHC₁₀H_(m)Y (where Y is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, CF₃, CHCl₂, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCH₂CH₂N(H′)² (where H′ is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, C₆H₅, C₆H₅CH₂ or its substituted derivative wherein the substituent is selected from Cl, Br, CN, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), O-(3deoxybetulinic acid), O-(3-deoxydihydrobetulinic acid), or O-(2-Bromo-3-oxo-28-oyl-lupane); R₅ is H or Br; R₆ is CH₃, or CH₂Br.
 2. A betulinic acid derivative of structure (3)

where R is H, R₁ is H or Br R₂—OCOCH(OCOCH₃)CH₃, OCOCH(OCOCH₃)C₆H₅, —OCOC₆H₄(C₅H₁₁)(4), —OCOCH₂C₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,5), —OCOC₆H₄(C₇H₁₅)(4), —OCOCH₂C₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(3,4), —OCOC₆H₄(OC₂H₅)(4), —OCOCH₂C₆H₂Br(3)(OCH₃)₂(2,5), —OCO(CH₂)₃NH₂, —OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,4), —OCOC₆H₄(C₆H₅)(4), —OCOCCl(C₆H₅)(2), —OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(3,4), —OCOC(CH₃)═C(CH₃)COOH, OCOCClF₂, —OCOC₆H₄(CHCl₂)(3), OCOC₆H₂COOH(2)Cl₂(3,6), OCOC₆H₂Br(6)F₂(2,4), —O-Cyclopropanoyl, —O-Cyclobutanoyl, —O-Cyclohexanoyl, —O-Morpholinoyl, or

R₃ is H, CH₂COOCH₃, —CH₂COOH, —CH₂CH₂COOCH₃, —COCH═CH₂, 3-Deoxydihydrobetulinic acid (C₃→), 3-Deoxybetulinic acid (C₃→), or 2-Bromo-3-oxo-28-oyl lupane and R₄ is CH₂═C(CH₃) or BrCH₂C(Br)CH₃.
 3. A betulinic acid derivative of formula 2

wherein R is H, R₁ is Br, Cl, F or I, R₂ is H, R₃ is OCOCH₃, OCO(CH₂)_(m)CH₃ (where m is 1 or 2), OCOC₆H_(n)Y (where n is 4; Y is H, Cl, Br, F, I, OCH₃, NO₂, C_(m)H_(2m+1) (m is 1)); R₇ is O and R₄ is OM (where M is Na⁺, K⁺, Li⁺), OB (where B is CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, or C₄H₉), O(CH₂)_(t)COD′ (where t is 1 to 3 and D′ is OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₆, Cl, CN, N₃, or NH₂), OCH₂CH₂OE′ (where E′ is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, or COCH₃), OCOCH═C(X′)² (where X′ is H, CH₃, or C₂H₅), OCO(CH₂)_(x)Z′ (where x is 1 to 16 and Z′ is H, Cl, F or Br), OCOC₆H_(q)F′ (where q is 0 to 4), OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)F′ (where n is 2 to 4) (F′ is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCH₂CHO, OCH₂CH═NOG′, OCH₂CH₂NHOG′ (where G′ is H, CH₃, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, OCOCH₃, OCOC₆H₅, phenyl or benzyl substituted derivatives), OCH₂CH═NNHC₆H_(n)Y, OCH₂CH₂NHNHC₆H_(n)Y (where n is 2 to 4), OCH₂CH═NNHC₁₀H_(s)Y (where s is 2 to 6), OCH₂CH₂CH₂NHNHC₁₀H_(m)Y (where Y is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, CF₃, CHCl₂, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCH₂CH₂N(H′)² (where H′ is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, C₆H₅, C₆H₅CH₂ or its substituted derivative wherein the substituent is selected from Cl, Br, CN, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), O-(3-deoxybetulinic acid), O-(3-deoxydihydrobetulinic acid), or O-(2-Bromo-3-oxo-28-oyl-lupane); R₅ is H or Br; and R₆ is CH₃, or CH₂Br.
 4. A betulinic acid derivative of formula 2

wherein R is H; R₁ is H, Br, Cl, F or I; R₂ is H and R₃ is OCOCH₂C(Y′)²COOH (Y′ is H or CH₃); OCO(CH₂)_(p)COOH (p is 2 and 3); R₇ is O and R₄ is OM (where M is Na⁺, K⁺, Li⁺), OB (where B is H, CH₃, C₂H₅,C₉H₇, or C₄H₉), O(CH₂)_(t)COD′ (where t is 1 to 3 and D′ is OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, Cl, CN, N₃, NH₂), OCH₂CH₂OE′ (where E′ is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, or COCH₃), OCOCH═C(X′)² (where X′ is H, CH₃ or C₂H₅), OCO(CH₂)_(x)Z′ (where x is 1 to 16 and Z′ is H, Cl, F or Br), OCOC₆H_(q)F′ (where q is 0 to 4), OCOCH₂C₆H_(n)F′ (where n is 2 to 4) (F′ is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, NO₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCH₂CHO, OCH₂CH=NOG′, OCH₂CH₂NHOG′ (where G′ is H, CH₃, SO₂C₆H₄CH₃, OCOCH₃, OCOC₆H₅, phenyl or benzyl substituted derivatives), OCH₂CH═NNHC₆H_(n)Y, OCH₂CH₂NHNHC₆H_(n)Y (where n is 2 to 4), OCH₂CH═NNHC₁₀H_(s)Y (where s is 2 to 6), OCH₂CH₂CH₂NHNHC₁₀H_(m)Y (where Y is H, Cl, Br, F, I, CN, CF₃, CHCl₂, NO₂, NH₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), OCH₂CH₂N(H′)² (where H′ is H, CH₃, C₂H₅, C₃H₇, C₄H₉, C₆H₅, C₆H₅CH₂ or its substituted derivative wherein the substituent is selected from Cl, Br, CN, F, I, NO₂, NH₂, CF₃, CHCl₂, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅ or C_(m)H_(2m+1) (where m is 1 to 7)), O-(3deoxybetulinic acid), O-(3-deoxydihydrobetulinic acid), or O-(2-Bromo-3-oxo-28oyl-lupane); R₅ is H or Br; R₆ is CH₃, or CH₂Br.
 5. A betulinic acid derivative of structure (3)

where R is H, R₁ is H or Br R₂ is —OCOCH(OCOCH₃)CH₃, —OCOCH(OCOCH₃)C₆H₅, —OCOC₆H₄(C₅H₁₁)(4), —OCOCH₂C₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,5), —OCOC₆H₄(C₇H₁₅)(4), —OCOCH₂C₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(3,4), —OCOC₆H₄(OC₂H₅)(4), —OCOCH₂C₆H₂Br(3)(OCH₃)₂(2,5), —OCO(CH₂)₃NH₂, OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(2,4), —OCOC₆H₄(C₆H₅)(4), OCOCCl(C₆H₅)(2), —OCOC₆H₃(OCH₃)₂(3,4), —OCOC(CH₃)═C(CH₃)COOH, OCOCClF₂, —OCOC₆H₄(CHCl₂)(3), OCOC₆H₂COOH(2)Cl₂(3,6), OCOC₆H₂Br(6)F₂(2,4) OCOC₆H₂F₃(2,3,4), OCOC₆H₂F₃(2,3,5), OCOC₆H₂F₃(2,3,6), —O-Cyclopropanoyl, —O-Cyclobutanoyl, —O-Cyclohexanoyl, —O-Morpholinoyl, or

R³ is hydrogen and R₄ is CH₂═C—CH₃, or CH(CH₃)₂ or BrCH₂C(Br)CH₃.
 6. A composition comprising a betulinic acid derivative of claim 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive, carrier, diluent, solvent, filler, lubricant, excipient, binder or stabilizer.
 7. The composition as claimed in claim 6, which provides 10 mg to 1000 mg per unit dose of betulinic acid derivative.
 8. A composition comprising a betulinic acid derivative of claim 2, and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive, carrier, diluent, solvent, filler, lubricant, excipient, binder or stabilizer.
 9. The composition as claimed in claim 8, which provides 10 mg to 1000 mg per unit dose of betulinic acid derivative.
 10. A composition comprising a betulinic acid derivative of claim 3, and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive, carrier, diluent, solvent, filler, lubricant, excipient, binder or stabilizer.
 11. The composition as claimed in claim 10, which provides 10 mg to 1000 mg per unit dose of betulinic acid derivative.
 12. A composition comprising a betulinic acid derivative of claim 4, and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive, carrier, diluent, solvent, filler, lubricant, excipient, binder or stabilizer.
 13. The composition as claimed in claim 12, which provides 10 mg to 1000 mg per unit dose of betulinic acid derivative.
 14. A composition comprising a betulinic acid derivative of claim 5, and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive, carrier, diluent, solvent, filler, lubricant, excipient, binder or stabilizer.
 15. The composition as claimed in claim 14 which provides 10 mg to 1000 mg per unit dose of betulinic acid derivative. 